Abstract
Sadr al-Sharī‘a (d. 747/1346) tried to refute Fakhr al-Din al-Rāzī’s (d. 606/1210) argument related to the n on of human’s voluntary acts. He justified principles of Hanafī-Maturidī tradition using a theoretical-philosophical language and put forward his “four premises” (muqaddimāt al-arba‘). The proof of muqaddimāt al-arba‘ as well as the explanation of Mehmed Birgīvī (d. 981/1573) for this proof guided the discussion on free will and human action in the lands of Rūm later on. Ibrāhīm al-Kūrānī, an influential Akbarī-Ash‘arī scholar in Hejāz, Damascus and North Africa during the seventieth century, wrote a lot of treatise about human action. With his epistle Cilā al-anzār, al-Kūrānī also got involved in the discussions about free will and human action in the lands of Rūm. In this work, he analyzed Sadr al-Sharī‘a’s and Birgivī’s views on the relevant discussion and aimed at confronting dominant Hanafī-Maturidī tradition in his time. al-Kūrānī discussed the possibility and creation of making acts (īqā‘) and predestination of free will in order to prove human responsibility. In addition he searched for a mid-way between absolute freedom (tafvīdh) and absolute neccesity (cabr). This paper aims to contextualize al-Kūrānī’s views and criticisms within the related intellectual history. It suggests that al-Kūrānī criticized dominant Hanafī-Maturidī tradition in his time by commenting on the proof of “muqaddimāt al-arba‘” and Birgīvī’s explanation based on it. By doing so he is attending to open up space for his controversial ideas that reconciliates Islamic sects (madhhabs).
Keywords
Voluntary act Particular will Īqā‘ Muqaddimāt al-arba‘ İbrāhīm al-Kūrānī Sadr al-Sharī‘a BirgivīShare
Details
- Authors: Şerife Nur Çelik, Ph.D. Student, Ankara University
- DOI: dx.doi.org/10.12658/Nazariyat.8.1.M0152en
- Year: 2022 (April) / Volume: 8 / Issue: 1
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