Article

Upholding God’s Essence: Ibn Taymiyya on the Createdness of the Spirit

Abstract

Although scholarly attention has been paid to Ibn al-Qayyim’s popular Kitāb al-rūḥ, the soul-
related views of his master are still ignored. Hence, this paper traces some of these ideas in Ibn Taymiyya’s
Khalq al-rūḥ, in which he asserts the soul’s origination rather than its eternity, so as to uphold the idea of God’s
essence. This paper consists of two parts. Part I problematizes Khalq in light of previous research, presents
the sources of the study, and addresses some concepts that are significant for appreciating the development
of its main argument. The five major arguments that Ibn Taymiyya invokes to justify his viewpoint shall be
reconstructed from Khalq. Likewise, some of the ambiguities surrounding his identification of those who
hold opposite views shall be resolved. Part II provides an annotated translation of Khalq.

Keywords

Soul spirit eternity origination corporeality Christology antinomianism eschatology relation